Jobs at APPLIED MATERIALS
439,028 open positions
APPLIED Materials, headquartered in Santa Clara, California, is a global leader in semiconductor equipment manufacturing. The company designs and builds deposition, etch, and inspection tools that enable chipmakers to scale performance and yield. With a market‑cap of over $10 billion, APPLIED Materials supplies equipment to 70 plus global fabs, positioning it at the forefront of the semiconductor supply chain.
Recruitment at APPLIED Materials spans engineering, software, manufacturing, and business functions. Typical openings include Process Engineers, Mechanical Designers, Firmware Developers, Quality Assurance Specialists, and Sales & Business Development roles. Candidates can expect rigorous technical interviews that test domain knowledge—such as chemical vapor deposition (CVD), plasma etch, and optical metrology—as well as behavioral assessments focused on collaboration and continuous improvement.
Job Transparency gives candidates a clear view of APPLIED Materials’ compensation structure and employee sentiment. By viewing real salaries, benefits, and employee reviews, job seekers can benchmark offers against industry averages, validate pay ranges for specific roles, and assess workplace culture before applying.
Software Engineer
Company: Applied Research Solutions
Location: Dayton, OH
Posted Aug 02, 2023
41 CFR 60-1.35(c) However, employees who have access to the compensation information of other employees or applicants as a part of their essential job functions cannot disclose the pay of other employees or applicants to individuals who do not otherwise have access to compensation information, unless the disclosure is (a) in response to a formal complaint or charge, (b) in furtherance of an investigation, proceeding, hearing, or action, including an investigation conducted by the employer, or (c) consistent with the contractor's legal duty to furnish information. This regulation prohibits discrimination against qualified protected veterans, and requires affirmative action by covered contractors and subcontractors to employ and advance in employment qualified protected veterans. Equal Opportunity Employer/Protected Veterans/Individuals with Disabilities The contractor will not discharge or in any other manner discriminate against employees or applicants because they have inquired about, discussed, or disclosed their own pay or the pay of another employee or applicant. This contractor and subcontractor shall abide by the requirements of 41 CFR 60-300.5(a). This regulation prohibits discrimination against qualified individuals on the basis of disability, and requires affirmative action by covered prime contractors and subcontractors to employ and advance in employment qualified individuals with disabilities. This contractor and subcontractor shall abide by the requirements of 41 CFR 60-741.5(a). The Software Engineer's primary function will be to work with the Hangar18 Delve team, AFRL staff, and other contractors while supporting SLAKE. Responsibilities include: Developing, documenting, and testing autonomy softwareDeveloping Python, React/JavaScript, and C++ softwareDevelopment to support multiple AFRL Lab environments integrating into a Hybrid Cloud environmentSoftware deployment using TerraformCreating unit and regression test casesDrafting and reviewing technical documentsProviding product release supportParticipating in Agile project processesCollaborating with multiple contractors and AFRL staffOther duties as assigned Qualifications/ Technical Experience Requirements: Must be a US citizenAbility to obtain/maintain a Secret Security ClearanceSoftware development experienceExperience working on an Agile projectExperience working with GitlabExperience working with Python and other full stack technologiesExperience developing in GoLang is a plusBachelor's Degree in Computer Science, Computer Engineering, or related fieldDemonstrated experience writing technical documentsAbility to work independently and as a team memberStrong verbal and written communication skillsBasic understanding of Virtual Machines, Networking, and hybrid cloud development environmentsStrong organizational skills and the ability to multi-task All positions at Applied Research Solutions are subject to background investigations. A strong candidate will have experience with Python, Agile, Gitlab and React/JavaScript development in a diverse multi-network and cloud environment.
Acquisition Program Manager
Company: Applied Research Solutions
Location: Other US Location
Posted Aug 04, 2023
41 CFR 60-1.35(c) However, employees who have access to the compensation information of other employees or applicants as a part of their essential job functions cannot disclose the pay of other employees or applicants to individuals who do not otherwise have access to compensation information, unless the disclosure is (a) in response to a formal complaint or charge, (b) in furtherance of an investigation, proceeding, hearing, or action, including an investigation conducted by the employer, or (c) consistent with the contractor's legal duty to furnish information. This contractor and subcontractor shall abide by the requirements of 41 CFR 60-300.5(a). This regulation prohibits discrimination against qualified protected veterans, and requires affirmative action by covered contractors and subcontractors to employ and advance in employment qualified protected veterans. Equal Opportunity Employer/Protected Veterans/Individuals with Disabilities The contractor will not discharge or in any other manner discriminate against employees or applicants because they have inquired about, discussed, or disclosed their own pay or the pay of another employee or applicant. This contractor and subcontractor shall abide by the requirements of 41 CFR 60-741.5(a). This regulation prohibits discrimination against qualified individuals on the basis of disability, and requires affirmative action by covered prime contractors and subcontractors to employ and advance in employment qualified individuals with disabilities. Responsibilities Include: Apply knowledge and experience in acquisition program management philosophy policies and procedures to systems, subsystems, equipment procurement activities, post award project/program management tasks and acquisition programs throughout their life cycles.Assign personnel to provide services as described below in execution of the CV-22 Division acquisition management support requirements.Assist with developing integrated risk management plans and strategies, as well as draft recommendations relating to weapon system contractor production changes.Assist with writing, reviewing and editing program documentation with the goal of ensuring weapon system changes are accurately identified and recorded.Assist with reviewing engineering change proposals and contract change proposals, participate in fact-finding, and support the configuration control board process.Provide support for strategic scheduling and planning documentation such as the integrated master plan and the integrated master schedule.Perform analyses to support program strategy decisions and courses of action.Provide a program assessment for integration of documentation to ensure consistency with program strategy and consistency across all milestone documentationImprove internal management processes by recommending alternatives to management.Participate in process improvement activities as members of, or advisors to, Integrated Product Teams (IPTs) and product/process improvement working groups.Assist in translating user requirements documents into Request for Proposal (RFP) documentation.Assist with developing and documenting recommended program management inputs for Performance Work Statement (PWS), and other acquisition documentation.Other duties as assigned Qualifications and Requirements: Must be a US CitizenSecurity Clearance Required: SecretPossess one of the following education and experience combinations: Master's degree with 10 years of experience (12 Years preferred), including 5 supporting the DoDBachelor's Degree with 12 years of experience (15 Years preferred), including 5 supporting the DoD18+ years of experience (20+ preferred), including 8 supporting the DoD Experience supporting Joint weapon systems acquisition programs (highly desired)Possess proficiency in the use of Microsoft Office Applications (Outlook, Word, Excel, PowerPoint, SharePoint, Skype), Adobe Acrobat.Possess excellent verbal and written communication skills All positions at Applied Research Solutions are subject to background investigations. Applied Research Solutions is seeking a full-time Acquisition Program Manager to work with the Intelligence, Surveillance, Reconnaissance, and Special Operations Forces (ISR & SOF) Directorate located at Naval Air Station (NAS) Patuxent River, MD. Employment is contingent upon successful completion of a background investigation including criminal history and identity check.
Azure Cloud Engineer
Company: AIS (Applied Information Sciences)
Location: Washington DC
Posted Aug 02, 2023
The text describes a role as an Azure Cloud Engineer responsible for managing and implementing Azure environments, ensuring stability, and improving efficiency. The role involves client-facing skills, designing and implementing secure operational solutions, and providing advice to team members and customers. The position is remote with occasional travel and requires an active Secret Security Clearance.
Senior Director - Technical Project / Program Manager (M7)
Company: Applied Materials
Location: Other US Location
Posted Aug 04, 2023
All qualified applicants will receive consideration for employment without regard to race, color, national origin, citizenship, ancestry, religion, creed, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity, age, disability, veteran or military status, or any other basis prohibited by law. In addition to a comprehensive benefits package, candidates may be eligible for other forms of compensation such as participation in a bonus and a stock award program, as applicable. LI Prior semiconductor hardware experience Qualifications Education: Bachelor's Degree Skills Certifications: Languages: Years of Experience: 15+ Years Work Experience: Additional Information Travel: Yes, 25% of the Time Relocation Eligible: No U.S. Salary Range: $200,000.00 - $275,000.00 The salary offered to a selected candidate will be based on a number of factors including location and level and will vary depending on confirmed job-related knowledge, skills, and experience. Applied Materials is an Equal Opportunity Employer committed to diversity in the workplace. Functional Knowledge Demonstrates broad and comprehensive understanding of different systems, theories and practices as well as the changing business environment Business Expertise Applies in-depth knowledge of own segment/function, business and commercial expertise to differentiate itself from the competition Leadership Leads a business unit, department or sub-function generally through multiple levels of managers of diverse activities; develops and executes business unit, department or sub-functional strategy to achieve key business objectives Problem Solving Evaluates key business challenges; directs the development of new or innovative solutions Impact Guided by company strategy and business objectives, impacts results of segment/function Interpersonal Skills Influences and negotiates at the top executive levels, with great latitude on outcomes; presents and defends complicated or delicate issues Position requires understanding of Applied Materials global Standards of Business Conduct and compliance with these standards at all times. This includes demonstrating the highest level of ethical conduct reflecting Applied Materials' core values. Key Responsibilities Directs an engineering group responsible for all issues within the Division, including the design, development and implementation of exceptionally complex engineering programs in accordance with project budgets and release schedules.Anticipates future needs and initiates the development and implementation of new approaches to engineering design and development at the division/segment level with exceptional scope and significant customer impact.Develops and implements long-range plans and creates engineering or product specific strategies to reach goals and reviews engineering specifications.As part of senior business group leadership team, ensures that such programs, strategies, and processes address high value problems (HVP) for the division and across segment and is aligned with the organization's direction.Leads interface with internal and external customers on engineering issues involving the divisions products.Provides approval guidelines and leadership to reporting engineering managers in the area of long-term program, strategy, and process design.Defines performance metrics and reports on the engineering functions' progress against division specific goals.
Senior Weapons Effects Modeling and Simulation Engineer/Scientist
Company: Applied Research Associates (ARA)
Location: Raleigh-Durham, NC
Posted Aug 01, 2023
Applied Research Associates, Inc. is seeking a Senior Weapons Effects Modeling and Simulation Engineer/Scientist to work on a dynamic team environment, developing engineering and physics-based methodologies, analytical algorithms, and software tools for national security. The role requires a strong interest in modeling and simulation software in high-level languages and a desire to work in a challenging environment.
Senior System Administrator
Company: Applied Research Associates (ARA)
Location: Greater Denver Area
Posted Aug 03, 2023
Together, our offices throughout the U.S. and Canada provide a broad range of technical expertise in defense, civil, and health technologies, computer software, and simulation, systems analysis, environmental technologies, and testing and measurement. We are also very proud of our Women's Initiative Network (WIN), whose purpose is to motivate, support, and encourage professional career development for women to maximize career and professional accomplishments. However, employees who have access to the compensation information of other employees or applicants as a part of their essential job functions cannot disclose the pay of other employees or applicants to individuals who do not otherwise have access to compensation information, unless the disclosure is (a) in response to a formal complaint or charge, (b) in furtherance of an investigation, proceeding, hearing, or action, including an investigation conducted by the employer, or (c) consistent with the contractor's legal duty to furnish information. The motto, "Engineering and Science for Fun and Profit" sums up the ARA experience. 41 CFR 60-1.35(c) ARA also prides itself, on having a challenging culture where innovation & experimentation are the norms. Applied Research Associates, Inc. (aka ARA) is an employee-owned international research and engineering company. To find out more about what the Intelligence, Surveillance & Reconnaissance Division has to offer, visit our website at: https://www.ara.com/benefits/ Equal Opportunity Employer/Protected Veterans/Individuals with Disabilities The contractor will not discharge or in any other manner discriminate against employees or applicants because they have inquired about, discussed, or disclosed their own pay or the pay of another employee or applicant. Configuring and managing UNIX and Windows operating systems and installing/loading operating system software, troubleshooting, maintaining the integrity, and configuring network components along with implementing operating systems enhancements to improve reliability and performance. Providing support to IT systems including day-to-day operations, monitoring, and problem resolution for all of the client/server/storage/network devices, mobile devices, etc.
Systems Administrator / ISSO
Company: Applied Research Associates (ARA)
Location: Washington DC
Posted Aug 01, 2023
The text describes a job posting for a Systems Administrator/ISSO position at Applied Research Associates, Inc. The role requires extensive experience in systems and network administration, with a focus on Windows environments, Active Directory, and virtualization. The candidate must have strong analytical and problem-solving skills, as well as excellent communication abilities. The position involves maintaining security systems, troubleshooting technical issues, and performing system backups. The ISSO responsibilities include ensuring compliance with security policies, completing STIG checklists, and managing classified data transfers. Required skills include a Bachelor's degree in Computer Science or Engineering, 2+ years of experience in Windows administration, and familiarity with ACAS, RMF, and DoD clearances. Preferred skills include experience with closed and interconnected environments, network design, and PowerShell scripting. The company, Applied Research Associates, Inc., is an employee-owned research and engineering company with a focus on defense technologies and environmental site characterization.
Finance Manager - (M4)
Company: Applied Materials
Location: Austin, TX
Posted Aug 04, 2023
All qualified applicants will receive consideration for employment without regard to race, color, national origin, citizenship, ancestry, religion, creed, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity, age, disability, veteran or military status, or any other basis prohibited by law. Finance Manager - EPG 200MM Business Unit Participates in and owns portions of the preparation of the annual operating plan, long-term strategic plan, quarterly forecasts and quarter-end financial reporting for revenue, gross margin, OPEX, operating margins, and balance sheetProvides analysis to identify risks and opportunities to operations and the business unit that will assist with the forecasting and reporting processesPartners with respective Business Operations and manages the project plans for product growth and development to align with strategies to forecasts and influence outcomes (creation of ROI, investment models, and business plans)Completes detailed analysis and commentary for finance and non-finance executives to drive gross margin and profitability improvementDevelops complex modeling in support of strategic plans, business sizing, and performance mgmt.Collaborates with Business Unit to identify and drive profitabilityPerforms required activities and analysis to complete forecasting cycles with minimal oversight on recurring tasksSupports team input to inventory & variance team for standard revaluation cost impacts & Inventory outflow model inputsProvides leadership and guidance to the revenue, costing, and I&W analysts that assist with the forecasting and reporting processesPartners with business management, marketing, engineering, and other functions to align analyses and forecasts and influence outcomesCompletes detailed analysis and commentary for finance and non-finance executives to drive gross margin and profitability improvementDevelops complex modeling in support of strategic plans, business sizing, and performance mgmt.Collaborates with Business Management on customer deals, including profitability analysisPerforms required activities and analysis to complete forecasting cycles with minimal oversight on recurring tasks Key Qualifications Analytically savvy, strong problem solver, and with high-level of intellectual curiosityStrong communication skills - including the ability to influence decisions, draft, and present executive summaries and articulate recommendations in a clear and concise manner.Excellent interpersonal skills, teaming skills, and customer relationship skillsAdvanced Excel skillsAccounting and financial knowledge are requiredAdvanced knowledge of systems capabilities and overall business processesKnowledge of ERP systems, SAP preferredBachelor's Degree a must, Masters or MBA is a plus Company Facts: Ticker: Nasdaq: AMATMarket Cap: $43.5 billionFiscal 2018 Revenue: $17.3 billionFiscal 2018 R&D: $2 billionFounded: November 10, 1967Headquarters: Santa Clara, CaliforniaGlobal Presence: 93 locations in 17 countriesManufacturing: China, Germany, Israel, Italy, Singapore, Switzerland, Taiwan, United StatesEmployees: ~21,000 worldwidePatents: >12,500 issued LI Qualifications Education: Master's Degree Skills Certifications: Languages: Years of Experience: Work Experience: Years of Experience Additional Information Travel: Yes, 10% of the Time Relocation Eligible: No U.S. Salary Range: $0.00 - $0.00 The salary offered to a selected candidate will be based on a number of factors including location and level and will vary depending on confirmed job-related knowledge, skills, and experience. In addition to a comprehensive benefits package, candidates may be eligible for other forms of compensation such as participation in a bonus and a stock award program, as applicable. We "make possible" the innovations for tomorrow: Artificial intelligence, self-driving cars, next-generation smartphones, OLED displays, medical devices, and more for consumers and businesses around the world. Applied Materials is an Equal Opportunity Employer committed to diversity in the workplace. This role will be responsible for the forecasting and reporting of EPG's Mask and Vericell P&Ls as well as Consolidations for total EPG P&L including Opex reporting. It is an exciting time for our company, and we are looking for a Finance Manager to be a key financial business partner to our Equipment Product Group operations supporting the Mask and Vericell Business Units. The Equipment Product Group (EPG) business unit is a key element with its strategic position in the semiconductor specialty-equipment market. This position plays a key role in driving profitability through operational performances and delivering predictable financial results for the corporation. Applied Materials is pushing the limits with machines and materials technologies!
Azure Cloud Engineer
Company: AIS (Applied Information Sciences)
Location: Washington DC
Posted Aug 02, 2023
Employment decisions are based solely on qualifications, merit, and business need. We are looking for: Smart people with a passion for technology Strong technical capabilities with a consultancy mindset Close involvement with local technical communities A willingness to think outside of the box to provide innovative solutions to clients Ability to solve challenging technical business problems Self-directed professionals Our Core Values Client Success C ontinued Learning and Technical Excellence Strong Client Relationships Citizenship and Community EEO Statement Applied Information Sciences is an Equal Opportunity Employer and does not discriminate on the basis of race, national origin, religion, color, gender, sexual orientation, age, disability, protected veteran status, or any other basis covered by law. Apply these capabilities to IaaS and PaaS services such and VMs, Azure Service Environment ASE, Azure Kubernetes Service AKS, Spring Cloud, Azure Virtual Desktop, etc. We hire outstanding individuals who are committed to curiosity, passionate about emerging technology, and who are excited to find innovative solutions for the biggest tech challenges facing international brands and government agencies today. We are committed to our employee's success; however, they define it. Be well versed in general infrastructure technology and understand public and private cloud concepts such as Software as a Service (SaaS), Platform as a Service (PaaS), Desktop as a Service (DaaS), and Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) Experience with automation to Infrastructure ( IaC - Infrastructure as Code such as ARM and Terraform) Experience with the Cloud, Windows/SQL Server, PowerShell scripting, and virtualization Experience developing, configuring, and managing cloud-based systems supporting enterprise web-based applications Ability to manage Azure subscriptions and resources, implement and manage storage, deploy and manage virtual machines, PaaS services, configure and manage virtual networks, and manage identities NOC Shift: M - F 12 AM - 8AM Desirable Skills Obtain or utilize certifications as part of continuous professional growth, especially Microsoft infrastructure and Azure-related certifications Security+ or equivalent certification Experience implementing secure and scalable hybrid cloud architectures Experience with DevOps workflows using tools like GitLab, Jenkins, and others PowerShell scripting for task automation; Infrastructure as Code Microsoft certifications, especially Azure and Security focused About AIS AIS, Dedicated to Our People AIS employees can spend their entire career at AIS doing challenging, rewarding work and reach their desired level of achievement and responsibility. Our employees are our greatest strength, and we do all that we can to serve them. We invest in technology as early adopters, allowing us to create transformative and innovative solutions for our customers while exposing our team to cutting edge technology. We offer the opportunity to move up, without the obligation to move out of a position where one excels. What You'll Be Doing Employ excellent client-facing and consulting skills to create innovative business solutions based on your network and systems experience Participate in the design and implementation of secure operational solutions and services across the client's business and IT support areas Implementation and operations of operational capabilities and tooling (Azure native first) required for ongoing operations in the areas of: Monitoring Alerting Security Controls Backups/Restore Disaster Recovery Develop solutions integrating Microsoft Azure commercial clouds (public and government community) with services hosted on-premises and in other clouds Develop and maintain software solutions/scripts to support the automation of cloud configuration and administration Implement AIS cloud infrastructure solution offerings based on public cloud, private cloud, hybrid client environments, and multi-cloud environments Support security audits, accreditation, and certification processes, and obtaining authority to operate (ATO) for cloud-based system architectures Provide recommendations for AIS' quality standards for tools, techniques, and methodologies, advising on their application, and ensuring compliance Build and maintain comprehensive alerting and monitoring tools to maintain awareness of, and expedite troubleshooting of infrastructure related issues in Azure environments Provide advisement to junior team members and customers on best practices for the implementation of Cloud components, tools, dashboards, and automation Serve as point of escalation for challenging and complex issue resolution Defining and ensuring team members follow a rigorous server patching process Location and Travel Details This is a remote position with occasional travel Security Clearance and Citizenship Requirements Active Secret Security Clearance and willingness to obtain/apply for Top Secret/SCI Profile of Success 1-3 years of experience in systems engineering and platform operations to support developers and business objectives Experience with production readiness and operation capabilities using tools like Azure Monitor, Azure Sentinel, Azure Automation, Azure Backup, Azure Security Center, etc.
Staff II Design Engineer
Company: Applied Research Associates (ARA)
Location: Other US Location
Posted Aug 03, 2023
41 CFR 60-1.35(c) However, employees who have access to the compensation information of other employees or applicants as a part of their essential job functions cannot disclose the pay of other employees or applicants to individuals who do not otherwise have access to compensation information, unless the disclosure is (a) in response to a formal complaint or charge, (b) in furtherance of an investigation, proceeding, hearing, or action, including an investigation conducted by the employer, or (c) consistent with the contractor's legal duty to furnish information. Essential Knowledge Skills and Abilities: Experience providing structural analysis of window systems including analysis of the glazing, framing, and anchorage (Window system product development experience is desirable)Ability to interpret architectural and structural drawingsAbility to apply static and dynamics engineering principlesWork with minimal supervisionDetail orientedProficient problem solverAbility to lead a teamWorking knowledge of MS Office 365, AutoCAD, MathCAD (Revit experience is also desired) Equal Opportunity Employer/Protected Veterans/Individuals with Disabilities The contractor will not discharge or in any other manner discriminate against employees or applicants because they have inquired about, discussed, or disclosed their own pay or the pay of another employee or applicant. Job Duties and Responsibilities: Perform structural analysis on window systems or other building façade elements for conventional service loads and dynamic blast loads using engineering principals and simulation software.Review architectural and structural drawings, specifications, design drawings and sketches, understand product usage and design for application, and review with team to ensure correct interpretations.Utilize knowledge of equipment and fabrication processes to assist creating advanced level drawings.Identify problem areas/non-standard areas of project by reviewing architectural and structural drawings and be able to problem solve these areas.Confer with engineering personnel to resolve the problems relating to product design, fabrication, and specifications.Use AutoCAD to develop window system design solutions.Review and mark up shop drawings.Manage window design and drafting projects and provide drafting guidance to multiple drafters.Use computer-aided drafting software (AutoCAD) and established drafting standards to develop layouts, drawings, and designs that meet engineering specifications. Travel may be involved to collect site-specific information, to participate in testing depending on project requirements, and to interact with existing clients. Coordination with clients throughout the design is expected. Candidates must be independent; self-motivated; and have excellent technical and communication skills. Experience in assisting in the development of window shop drawings is required. Proficiency in interpreting architectural and structural drawings is required. The Staff II Design Engineer will design window systems to resist imposed structural loads (conventional service loads and dynamic blast loads), make design recommendations, and prepare calculation packages and technical reports of the analysis.
Senior DoD Program Manager
Company: Applied Research Associates (ARA)
Location: Washington DC
Posted Aug 01, 2023
The job posting is for a Senior DoD Program Manager position at Applied Research Associates, Inc. The job requires expertise in nuclear enterprise risk and opportunity management, and the candidate will provide support to the Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for Nuclear Matters.
Knowledge Manager
Company: Applied Research Associates (ARA)
Location: Washington DC
Posted Aug 03, 2023
However, employees who have access to the compensation information of other employees or applicants as a part of their essential job functions cannot disclose the pay of other employees or applicants to individuals who do not otherwise have access to compensation information, unless the disclosure is (a) in response to a formal complaint or charge, (b) in furtherance of an investigation, proceeding, hearing, or action, including an investigation conducted by the employer, or (c) consistent with the contractor's legal duty to furnish information. At ARA, employees are our greatest assets. ARA gives its employees the tools, training, and opportunities to take more active roles as owners. 41 CFR 60-1.35(c) The company, founded in Albuquerque, NM, in 1979, currently employs over 1200 professionals. For additional information and an opportunity to join this unique workplace, please visit our website at www.ara.com. The motto, "Engineering and Science for Fun and Profit" sums up the ARA experience. Please apply at www.careers.ara.com for the Knowledge Manager position. Equal Opportunity Employer/Protected Veterans/Individuals with Disabilities The contractor will not discharge or in any other manner discriminate against employees or applicants because they have inquired about, discussed, or disclosed their own pay or the pay of another employee or applicant. The corporation also provides sophisticated technical products for environmental site characterization, pavement analysis, and robotics.